{"id":783,"date":"2018-09-24T19:20:02","date_gmt":"2018-09-24T19:20:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fishhistopathology.com\/?p=783"},"modified":"2020-02-14T11:43:47","modified_gmt":"2020-02-14T14:43:47","slug":"proliferative-gill-disease-pgd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fishhistopathology.com\/?p=783","title":{"rendered":"Proliferative Gill Disease (PGD) – Gross Pathology"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

PGD is a multifactorial worldwide disease with both infectious and non-infectious causes.  PGD leads to significant problems in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)<\/em> and many other species.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"PGD<\/a>
Figure 1. PGD in Atlantic salmon showing white spots (clubbing), distal third of filaments. <\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Among the infectious causes are viruses (Atlantic salmon paramyxovirus-ASPV, Salmon gill poxvirus-SGPV), bacteria (Tenacibaculum maritimus, Piscichlamydia salmones, Candidatus Clavochlamydia salmonis<\/em>), parasites (Neoparamoeba perurans, Loma salmonae, Ichthyobodo <\/em>spp., Trichodina <\/em>sp.). Non-infectious causes include phytoplankton and zooplankton.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"PGD<\/a>
Figure 2. PGD in Atlantic salmon showing white spots (clubbing), distal third of filaments. <\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n









Gross pathological changes include \u201cclubbing\u201d, in which thickened white areas of hyperplastic epithelium can be easily seen, mainly at the ends or distal third of the filaments. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The hyperplasia leads to compromised gas exchange, as well as all of the other metabolic and homeostatic mechanisms for which the gills are responsible, plus impaired clearance mechanisms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n





REFERENCES<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • Gjessing, M. C., Thoen, E., Tengs, T., Skotheim, S. A., & Dale, O. B. (2017). Salmon gill poxvirus, a recently characterized infectious agent of multifactorial gill disease in freshwater\u2010and seawater\u2010reared Atlantic salmon. Journal of fish diseases<\/em>, 40<\/em>(10), 1253-1265. <\/li>
  • Mitchell, S. O., & Rodger, H. D. (2011). A review of infectious gill disease in marine salmonid fish. Journal of fish diseases<\/em>, 34<\/em>(6), 411-432. <\/li>
  • Nylund, S., Andersen, L., S\u00e6vareid, I., Plarre, H., Watanabe, K., Arnesen, C. E., … & Nylund, A. (2011). Diseases of farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar associated with infections by the microsporidian Paranucleospora theridion. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms<\/em>, 94<\/em>(1), 41-57. <\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    PGD is a multifactorial worldwide disease with both infectious and non-infectious causes.  PGD leads to significant problems in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and many other species. Among the infectious causes are viruses (Atlantic salmon paramyxovirus-ASPV, Salmon gill poxvirus-SGPV), bacteria (Tenacibaculum maritimus, Piscichlamydia salmones, Candidatus Clavochlamydia salmonis), parasites (Neoparamoeba perurans, Loma salmonae, Ichthyobodo spp., Trichodina sp.). Non-infectious causes include phytoplankton and zooplankton. Gross pathological changes include \u201cclubbing\u201d, in which thickened white areas of hyperplastic epithelium can be easily seen, mainly at the ends or distal third...","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":961,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[28,44],"class_list":["post-783","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gills-and-pseudobranchs","tag-lamellar-hyperplasia","tag-pgd"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fishhistopathology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/783","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fishhistopathology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fishhistopathology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fishhistopathology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fishhistopathology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=783"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/fishhistopathology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/783\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2231,"href":"https:\/\/fishhistopathology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/783\/revisions\/2231"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fishhistopathology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/961"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fishhistopathology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=783"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fishhistopathology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=783"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fishhistopathology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=783"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}