Mes: Septiembre 2018

Proliferative Gill Disease (PGD) – Gross Pathology

Gills and Pseudobranchs
by Carlos Sandoval
PGD in Atlantic salmon showing white spots (clubbing), distal third of filaments.

PGD is a multifactorial worldwide disease with both infectious and non-infectious causes.  PGD leads to significant problems in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and many other species. Among the infectious causes are viruses (Atlantic salmon paramyxovirus-ASPV, Salmon gill poxvirus-SGPV), bacteria (Tenacibaculum maritimus, Piscichlamydia salmones, Candidatus Clavochlamydia salmonis), parasites (Neoparamoeba perurans, Loma salmonae, Ichthyobodo spp., Trichodina sp.). Non-infectious causes include phytoplankton and zooplankton. Gross pathological changes include “clubbing”, in which thickened white areas of hyperplastic epithelium can be easily seen, mainly at the ends or distal third...

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Pseudochattonella cf. verruculosa – Phytoflagellate

Gills and Pseudobranchs
by Carlos Sandoval
Pseudochattonella cf. verruculosa - Phytoflagellate

Pseudochattonella cf. verruculosa is a phytoflagellate, Dictyochophyceae class that has abundant golden chloroplasts. It has two flagella, one of which, is directed forward, thereby allowing cell movement. The cell size varies between 12 – 45 microns depending on the stage of its life cycle. Its surface, the cell is covered by specialized structures that resemble papillae or warts, hence the name “verrucous”. These structures are mucocysts through which mucus is discharged. It is distributed in water bodies that fluctuate between 10 – 18 oC, salinities...

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PRV – Atlantic salmon – IHC

Cardiovascular System, Musculoskeletal System
by Carlos Sandoval
Atlantic salmon, Piscine orthoreovirus in endothelial cells, Heart, IHC.

Piscine Orthoreovirus, is a segmented virus, non-enveloped RNA, 60 – 80 µm, with icosahedral shape, belonging to the family Reoviridae, subfamily Spinareovirinae and is the aetiological agent of Heart and Skeletal Muscle Inflammation (HSMI). The HSMI disease is diagnosed by the occurrence of histopathologic lesions in the heart and skeletal muscle; moderate to severe panmyocarditis (inflammation in the compact and spongy layers of the myocardium); and myocardial degeneration and necrosis. The skeletal muscle also shows moderate to severe myodegeneration and necrosis, especially of the red...

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